免疫檢查點是調(diào)節(jié)T細(xì)胞活性的分子，在免疫調(diào)控中扮演著關(guān)鍵角色。然而，一些腫瘤細(xì)胞可以利用這些點位來逃避免疫系統(tǒng)的攻擊，導(dǎo)致腫瘤的生長和擴散。近年來，靶向免疫檢查點分子的免疫治療成為癌癥和其他免疫相關(guān)疾病治療領(lǐng)域的重要突破。通過抑制免疫檢查點蛋白的功能，可以解除免疫耐受狀態(tài)，并激活被抑制的免疫反應(yīng)。這種策略已經(jīng)顯示出顯著的臨床療效，尤其是在惡性腫瘤的治療中。
然而，免疫檢查點療法充滿挑戰(zhàn)。在免疫治療中，個體之間對免疫檢查點抑制劑的響應(yīng)存在巨大差異，且不同腫瘤類型和免疫環(huán)境也會影響治療效果。此外，持久的免疫激活也可能導(dǎo)致自身免疫性副作用。因此，深入了解免疫檢查點的作用機制、信號通路和調(diào)控網(wǎng)絡(luò)，以及與腫瘤免疫逃逸相關(guān)的分子機制，對于優(yōu)化免疫治療策略和開發(fā)新的治療藥物具有重要意義。
CUSABIO致力于為研究人員提供高精確性、高靈敏度的免疫檢查點ELISA試劑盒，涵蓋PD-L1（CD274）、CTLA4、CD70、CD40、HAVCR2、Tnfrsf4等多種關(guān)鍵免疫檢查點分子。每個試劑盒都經(jīng)過嚴(yán)格的驗證和測試，滿足多種檢測樣本，幫助您準(zhǔn)確測量免疫檢查點相關(guān)蛋白的表達(dá)水平，從而更好地了解免疫調(diào)節(jié)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的功能和機制，助力您在腫瘤免疫治療領(lǐng)域取得更多突破性進(jìn)展。
1. 免疫檢查點定義
免疫檢查點（Immune checkpoints）是一類通過調(diào)節(jié)和控制免疫應(yīng)答，幫助維持免疫系統(tǒng)的平衡的配體-受體對。它們可以調(diào)節(jié)免疫激活程度，確保免疫系統(tǒng)對外界刺激做出適當(dāng)?shù)姆磻?yīng)，避免過度活化引起對自身正常細(xì)胞的無差別攻擊，保護(hù)正常組織免受損傷。
2. 免疫檢查點類型
免疫檢查點包括兩種類型：激活性免疫檢查點和抑制性免疫檢查點。
（1）激活性免疫檢查點：這類檢查點可以增強免疫細(xì)胞的活性，促進(jìn)免疫應(yīng)答。例如，4-1BB（CD137）、CD28、ICOS等激活性免疫檢查點可以增強T細(xì)胞的活性，幫助其殺傷腫瘤細(xì)胞。
（2）抑制性免疫檢查點：這類檢查點可以抑制免疫細(xì)胞的活性，阻礙免疫應(yīng)答。例如，CTLA-4、PD-1、TIGIT、BTLA等抑制性免疫檢查點可以抑制T細(xì)胞的活性，降低對腫瘤細(xì)胞的攻擊能力。
然而，科學(xué)家研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，許多癌細(xì)胞發(fā)展出了能夠讓它們逃避免疫系統(tǒng)攻擊的檢查點，抑制T細(xì)胞的免疫應(yīng)答。針對這一理論，免疫檢查點療法（immune checkpoint therapy）開始受到關(guān)注，即通過調(diào)節(jié)免疫檢查點分子來增強免疫系統(tǒng)對癌細(xì)胞的攻擊能力的療法，免疫檢查點也因其免疫逃逸中的獨特作用而成為癌癥免疫治療的主要靶標(biāo)。
3. 免疫檢查點抑制劑
靶向免疫檢查點的藥物主要分為抑制劑和激活劑，雖然激活劑目前還處于臨床研究階段，但抑制劑賽道已經(jīng)群星閃耀。
免疫檢查點抑制劑（immune checkpoint inhibitors，ICIs）是一類癌癥免疫療法藥物，通過靶向 T 淋巴細(xì)胞表面的免疫受體，來增強抗癌免疫反應(yīng)。其中，最熱門的代表藥物當(dāng)屬PD-1/PD-L1抑制劑，其主要原理是通過阻斷PD-1受體和PD-L1、PD-L2配體之間的結(jié)合，解除PD-1通路介導(dǎo)的免疫應(yīng)答抑制，恢復(fù)T細(xì)胞的活化狀態(tài)，從而增強免疫系統(tǒng)對腫瘤細(xì)胞的攻擊能力。迄今為止已有多個PD-1/PD-L1抗體藥上市，如Nivolumab（納武利尤單抗）、Pembrolizumab（帕博利珠單抗）、Atezolizumab（阿替利珠單抗）、Avelumab（阿維魯單抗）等，成為近年來備受關(guān)注的明星產(chǎn)品。
獲得更多關(guān)于免疫檢查點詳情請點擊：https://www.cusabio.com/c-20762.html
4. CUSABIO的免疫檢查點ELISA試劑盒
4.1 免疫檢查點科研用ELISA試劑盒產(chǎn)品列表
| 貨號 | 產(chǎn)品名稱 | 檢測范圍 | 靶點 |
|---|---|---|---|
| CSB-EL002961HU | Human Platelet receptor Gi24(C10orf54) ELISA kit | 0.156 ng/mL-10 ng/mL | C10orf54 |
| CSB-EL004881HU | Human CD160 antigen(CD160) ELISA kit | 0.625 ng/mL-40 ng/mL | CD160 |
| CSB-EL004895RA | Rat OX-2 membrane glycoprotein(CD200) ELISA kit | 47 pg/mL-3000 pg/mL | CD200 |
| CSB-EL004901HU | Human CD226 antigen(CD226) ELISA kit | 0.9 ng/mL-60 ng/mL | CD226 |
| CSB-E13644h | Human Programmed Death Ligand-1(PD-L1/CD274) ELISA Kit | 15.6 pg/mL-1000 pg/mL | CD274 |
| CSB-EL004911MO | Mouse Programmed cell death 1 ligand 1(CD274) ELISA kit | 31.25 pg/mL-2000 pg/mL | CD274 |
| CSB-E14285h | Human Soluble CD276,sCD276/sB7-H3 ELISA Kit | 3.12 ng/mL-200 ng/mL | CD276 |
| CSB-EL004936MO | Mouse Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 5(CD40) ELISA kit | / | CD40 |
| CSB-E04716h | Human Soluble Cluster of differentiation 40 ligand,sCD40L ELISA Kit | 0.312 ng/mL-20 ng/mL | CD40LG |
| CSB-E04717m | Mouse Soluble Cluster of differentiation 40 ligand,sCD40L ELISA Kit | 0.47 ng/mL-30 ng/mL | CD40LG |
| CSB-E07395r | Rat Soluble Cluster of differentiation 40 ligand,sCD40L ELISA Kit | 1.87 ng/mL-120 ng/mL | CD40LG |
| CSB-E11846h | Human cluster Of differentiation,CD44 ELISA Kit | 78 pg/mL-5000 pg/mL | CD44 |
| CSB-EL004940HU | Human Leukocyte surface antigen CD47(CD47) ELISA kit | 3.12 pg/mL-200 pg/mL | CD47 |
| CSB-EL004940MO | Mouse Leukocyte surface antigen CD47(CD47) ELISA kit | 15.6 pg/mL-1000 pg/mL | CD47 |
| CSB-EL004941MO | Mouse CD48 antigen(CD48) ELISA kit | / | CD48 |
| CSB-EL004954HU | Human CD70 antigen(CD70) ELISA kit | 0.156 ng/mL-10 ng/mL | CD70 |
| CSB-EL004954MO | Mouse CD70 antigen(CD70) ELISA kit | / | CD70 |
| CSB-EL004959MO | Mouse T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD80(CD80) ELISA kit | 15.6 pg/mL-1000 pg/mL | CD80 |
| CSB-E15768h | Human Soluble Cluster of Differentiation 80 (sCD80) ELISA Kit | 125 pg/mL-8000 pg/mL | CD80 |
| CSB-E08542h | Human soluble Cluster of differentiation 86,sCD86 ELISA Kit | 0.312 ng/mL-20 ng/mL | CD86 |
| CSB-EL004971HU | Human T-cell surface protein tactile(CD96) ELISA kit | 0.156 ng/mL-10 ng/mL | CD96 |
| CSB-E09171h | Human cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen 4,CTLA-4 ELISA Kit | 125 pg/mL-8000 pg/mL | CTLA4 |
| CSB-E13637m | Mouse cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen 4,CTLA-4 ELISA Kit | 0.312 ng/mL-20 ng/mL | CTLA4 |
| CSB-EL010145HU | Human Hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2(HAVCR2) ELISA kit | 47 pg/mL-3000 pg/mL | HAVCR2 |
| CSB-E09966h | Human indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase,IDO ELISA Kit | 0.78 ng/mL-50 ng/mL | IDO1 |
| CSB-E13583r | Rat Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase,IDO ELISA Kit | 31.25 pg/mL-2000 pg/mL | IDO1 |
| CSB-EL010996MO | Mouse Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1(IDO1) ELISA kit | 62.5 pg/mL-4000 pg/mL | IDO1 |
| CSB-EL012719HU | Human Lymphocyte activation gene 3 protein(LAG3) ELISA kit | 0.156 ng/mL-10 ng/mL | LAG3 |
| CSB-EL012719MO | Mouse Lymphocyte activation gene 3 protein(LAG3) ELISA kit | 1.25 ng/mL-80 ng/mL | LAG3 |
| CSB-EL012895HU | Human Galectin-9(LGALS9) ELISA kit | 31.25 pg/mL-2000 pg/mL | LGALS9 |
| CSB-EL012895MO | Mouse Galectin-9(LGALS9) ELISA kit | 15.6 pg/mL-1000 pg/mL | LGALS9 |
| CSB-EL019093HU | Human Poliovirus receptor(PVR) ELISA kit | 7.8 ng/mL-500 ng/mL | PVR |
| CSB-EL021334HU | Human Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type substrate 1(SIRPA) ELISA kit | 0.156 ng/mL-10 ng/mL | SIRPA |
| CSB-EL023980HU | Human Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 25(TNFRSF25) ELISA kit | 0.24 ng/mL-15 ng/mL | TNFRSF25 |
| CSB-EL023984HU | Human Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9(TNFRSF9) ELISA kit | 7.8 pg/mL-500 pg/mL | TNFRSF9 |
| CSB-EL023984MO | Mouse Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9(TNFRSF9) ELISA kit | / | TNFRSF9 |
| CSB-EL023991HU | Human Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 14(TNFSF14) ELISA kit | 0.156 ng/mL-10 ng/mL | TNFSF14 |
| CSB-EL023991MO | Mouse Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 14(TNFSF14) ELISA kit | 25 pg/mL-1600 pg/mL | TNFSF14 |
| CSB-EL023991RA | Rat tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 14 (TNFSF14) ELISA kit | 15.6 pg/mL-1000 pg/mL | TNFSF14 |
| CSB-E15770h | Human tumor necrosis factor superfamily 15 (TL1A/TNFSF15) ELISA Kit | 0.78 ng/mL-50 ng/mL | TNFSF15 |
| CSB-E16311m | Mouse tumor necrosis factor-like ligand 1 (TL1) ELISA kit | 62.5 pg/mL-4000 pg/mL | TNFSF15 |
| CSB-EL023992RA | Rat Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 15(TNFSF15) ELISA kit | 25 pg/mL-1600 pg/mL | TNFSF15 |
| CSB-EL023993HU | Human Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 18(TNFSF18) ELISA kit | / | TNFSF18 |
| CSB-E12752h | Human soluble OX40L (sOX40L) ELISA kit | 0.156 ng/mL-10 ng/mL | TNFSF4 |
| CSB-EL023994MO | Mouse Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 4(TNFSF4) ELISA kit | 15.6pg/mL-1000pg/mL | TNFSF4 |
| CSB-E15013h | Human B7-H4 ELISA Kit | 7.8 ng/mL-500 ng/mL | VTCN1 |
4.2 CUSABIO提供的免疫檢查點其他相關(guān)資源
其他相關(guān)產(chǎn)品：
關(guān)鍵免疫檢查點分子前沿進(jìn)展匯總：
