跨膜蛋白系列四：人白細胞抗原（HLA）

什么是人類白細胞抗原？

跨膜蛋白跨越膜磷脂雙層，這決定了跨膜域的強疏水性?？缒さ鞍椎目缒び蚩赏耆虿糠植迦肽??？缒さ鞍追N類的多樣性決定了其功能特點的多樣性。它具有物質轉運、信號轉導能力。此外，在免疫應答中，跨膜蛋白也發揮及其重要的作用。

人白細胞抗原（Human leukocyte antigen, HLA）是一類跨膜蛋白，是存在于機體細胞表面的一種蛋白或抗原，在機體免疫防御中起著至關重要的作用。HLA系統和MHC一起幫助身體的免疫系統區分自體物質和外來物質。

人白細胞抗原（HLA）在人群中的分布

HLA抗原在不同地區有不同的分布。以HLA-B*27為例，在美國哥倫比亞、加拿大沿海印第安人和加拿大海達人中，其陽性率高達50%；在歐洲和美國的白種人中，B27陽性率為6%到8%；日本和非洲黑人的B27陽性率低于1%。

人白細胞抗原（HLA）應用

HLA主要應用于器官移植和輸血中供體和受體的匹配。

在器官移植中，供體和受體必須具有相同或匹配的HLA基因，以使供體組織不受受體免疫系統的攻擊或排斥。

在臨床輸血中，異體HLA免疫在輸血治療中引起各種問題，如血小板輸注不應性，發熱引起的非溶血性輸血反應，輸血相關的急性肺損傷，輸血相關的移植物抗宿主病等。因此，HLA檢測是非常必要的。

人白細胞抗原（HLA）和疾病

HLA基因與自身免疫疾病和癌癥有關。

HLA基因	相關疾病
HLA-B	強直性脊柱炎
HLA-DRB1	類風濕性關節炎
HLA-A1、B8、DR17	自體免疫疾病
HLA-DR3	1型糖尿病

許多研究表明，HLA與HIV疾病有關。此外，HLA與妊娠期間復發性流產，先兆子癇或新生兒溶血性疾病密切相關。HLA也是藥物敏感性的原因之一。

更多細節了解，如抗原處理途徑、人群分布、HLA多態性等，擴展閱讀：Human Leukocyte Antigen: Distinguish between Friend and Foe.

在您的實驗中，您可能需要HLA產品來輔助您的研究。CUSABIO可以幫助您。我們已經建立了一個特殊的跨膜蛋白表達系統。目前已生產HLA相關產品如下：

Hot Products

Recombinant Human HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ alpha 1 chain (HLA-DQA1),partial
(CSB-RP148394h)

Recombinant Human HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain E (HLA-E), partial
(CSB-EP320269HU)

Recombinant Human HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain G (HLA-G)
(CSB-EP010509HUa2)

Recombinant Human HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain G (HLA-G)
(CSB-EP010509HU)

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) related proteins for your research

Target	Product Name	Code	Expression System
HLA-B	Recombinant Human HLA-B protein(HLA-B),partial	CSB-RP150894h	E.coli
HLA-C	Recombinant Human HLA-C protein(HLA-C),partial	CSB-RP150994h	E.coli
HLA-DRA	Recombinant Human HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR alpha chain(HLA-DRA)，partial	CSB-EP360793HU1	E.coli
HLA-DQA1	Recombinant Human HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ alpha 1 chain(HLA-DQA1),partial	CSB-RP148394h	E.coli
HLA-DQA2	Recombinant Human HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ alpha 2 chain(HLA-DQA2),partial	CSB-RP148294h	E.coli
HLA-DPA1	Recombinant Human HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP alpha 1 chain(HLA-DPA1),partial	CSB-RP148194h	E.coli
HLA-G	Recombinant Human HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain G(HLA-G)	CSB-MP010509HU	Mammalian cell
HLA-DPB1	Recombinant Human HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP beta 1 chain(HLA-DPB1),partial	CSB-RP148094h	E.coli
HLA-DRB1	Recombinant Human HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DRB1-1 beta chain(HLA-DRB1),partial	CSB-EP361230HU	E.coli
HLA-DRA	Recombinant Human HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR alpha chain(HLA-DRA)	CSB-EP360793HU	E.coli
HLA-DQB1	Recombinant Human HLA class II histocompatibility antigen,DQ beta 1 chain(HLA-DQB1),partial	CSB-EP355782HU	E.coli
HLA-DMA	Recombinant Human HLA-DMA protein(HLA-DMA),partial	CSB-EP338892HU	E.coli
HLA-DMB	Recombinant Human HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DM beta chain(HLA-DMB),partial	CSB-EP333326HU	E.coli
HLA-A	Recombinant Human HLA class I histocompatibility antigen,A-1 alpha chain(HLA-A),partial	CSB-EP328989HU	E.coli
HLA-E	Recombinant Human HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain E(HLA-E) ,partial	CSB-EP320269HU	E.coli
HLA-G	Recombinant Human HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain G(HLA-G)	CSB-EP010509HUb0	E.coli
HLA-G	Recombinant Human HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain G(HLA-G)	CSB-EP010509HUa2	E.coli
HLA-DRA	Recombinant Human HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR alpha chain(HLA-DRA)	CSB-YP360793HU	Yeast
HLA-G	Recombinant Human HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain G(HLA-G),partial	CSB-EP010509HU1	E.coli
HLA-G	Recombinant Human HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain G(HLA-G)	CSB-EP010509HU	E.coli
HLA-E	Recombinant Human HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain E(HLA-E),partial	CSB-BP320269HU	Baculovirus
HLA-A	Recombinant Human HLA class I histocompatibility antigen,A-1 alpha chain(HLA-A),partial	CSB-EP328989HUb1	E.coli
HLA-A	Recombinant Human HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, A alpha chain(HLA-A),partial	CSB-BP328989HU	Baculovirus
HLA-A	Recombinant Human HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, A alpha chain(HLA-A),partial	CSB-EP3499HU	E.coli
HLA-DRB1	Recombinant Human HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DRB1-3 chain(HLA-DRB1),partial	CSB-EP365687HU	E.coli
HLA-G	Recombinant Human HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain G(HLA-G),partial	CSB-EP010509HU1a6	E.coli
HLA-DRB5	Recombinant Human HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR beta 5 chain(HLA-DRB5),partial	CSB-EP657235HU	E.coli
HLA-G	Recombinant Human HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain G(HLA-G)	CSB-YP010509HU	Yeast
HLA-DRB1	Recombinant Human HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DRB1-12 beta chain(HLA-DRB1)	CSB-EP846484HU	E.coli

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) related antibodies for your research

Target	Product Name	Code	Species Reactivity	Tested Applications
HLA-H	HLA-H Antibody	CSB-PA958630	Human	ELISA, WB
HLA-H	HLA-H Antibody	CSB-PA009213	Human	ELISA, WB
HLA-DQB1/HLA-DQB2	HLA-DQB1/HLA-DQB2 Antibody	CSB-PA005915	Human	ELISA, WB
HLA-DPA1	HLA-DPA1 Antibody	CSB-PA14819A0Rb	Human	ELISA, WB, IF
HLA-DPA1	HLA-DPA1 Antibody	CSB-PA177845	Human	ELISA, WB
HLA-DOB	HLA-DOB Antibody	CSB-PA002935	Human	ELISA, WB
HLA-DPA1	HLA-DPA1 Antibody	CSB-PA009209	Human	ELISA, WB
HLA-DOB	HLA-DOB Antibody	CSB-PA270928	Human	ELISA, WB
HLA-A	HLA-A Antibody	CSB-PA906516	Human	ELISA, WB
HLA-A	HLA-A Antibody	CSB-PA398166	Human	ELISA, WB
HLA-DMB	HLA-DMB Antibody	CSB-PA561724	Human	ELISA, IHC
HLA-DOA	HLA-DOA Antibody	CSB-PA002934	Human	WB, IHC, ELISA
HLA-DOA	HLA-DOA Antibody	CSB-PA113671	Human	ELISA, WB
HLA-DOA	HLA-DOA Antibody	CSB-PA356784ESR1HU	Human	ELISA, IHC

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) related ELISA kits for your research

Target	Product Name	Code	Sample Type	Sensitivity
HLA-DRA	Human HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR alpha chain (HLA-DRA) ELISA kit	CSB-EL010497HU	serum, plasma, tissue homogenates	4.68 pg/mL
HLA-G	Human leukocyte antigen G,HLA-G ELISA Kit	CSB-E09401h	serum, plasma, tissue homogenates	0.31 ng/mL
HLA-B27	Human leucocyte antigen B27,HLA-B27 ELISA Kit	CSB-E08607h	serum, urine, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)	0.078 ng/mL
HLA-E	Human major histocompatibility complex, class I, E (HLA-E) ELISA kit	CSB-EL010507HU	serum, plasma, cell culture supernates, tissue homogenates	7.81 pg/mL